The Romans created an empire that lasted longer than any other before or after it. Originating from a small shepherd people living on the seven hills of Rome, they brought their virtues, their law, their politics, and their armies to dominate the ancient world. Their achievement lay in the creation of a unified culture that encompassed the entire Mediterranean and a quarter of the humanity that existed at the time, and their extensive legacy continues to this day. For example, our justice system is partly based on Roman legal concepts, and the Latin language is reflected in various technical terms and in medicine. In many parts of Europe, numerous remnants of Roman architecture have been preserved, existing for nearly 2000 years and still serving as an impressive testament to their art and architecture. This book follows that history.