Tetsur Watsuji is considered one of Japan's outstanding philosophers. Early on, he devoted himself to questions of climate and wrote his groundbreaking essay in 1935 on the relationship between climate and culture, which must be re-examined today in light of climate change and the theoretical premises of the Anthropocene. In this work, Watsuji develops a distinctive, Asian characterology of climate and reminds us that climate is more than just temperature and precipitation values: it is an essential factor of existence in the world.