This guide explains to students of geosciences the fundamental techniques for recording geodetic data, converting such data into topographic maps and elevation profiles, as well as the basic geological measurement techniques and the creation of geological profiles. It includes both simple freehand techniques that can be applied by a single person during prospecting and the use of professional precision instruments. The first section introduces map coordinate systems and the handling of map coordinates. The second part provides a detailed presentation of the geodetic and geological measurement techniques important for geoscientists, along with a brief introduction to the creation of geological profiles. The textbook concludes with a tool.