The complexity of training requires a perspective that addresses the load-demand regulation from both a performance physiology and sports science viewpoint. This approach necessitates an examination of the biological changes due to training and environmental influences, with a strong emphasis on individual performance prerequisites. Key topics of the textbook include the systematics of endurance training, sport-specific performance diagnostics, training and load management, the specialized nutrition of endurance athletes, and endurance training in secondary prevention. It is aimed at sports students, sports physicians, physical education teachers, sports therapists, coaches, trainers, and endurance athletes.