The discourse about the flood of images is ubiquitous: images are pushing to the forefront in all areas of society. Scientific engagement with images began in several disciplines after the pictorial and iconic turn in the 1990s: from panel paintings to 3D images to technical images in the natural sciences. This volume provides a comprehensive overview of all areas and theories of image studies. The introduction analyzes various concepts of images and explains the distinction between image philosophy, image theory, and image sciences. The first main section addresses methods and foundations of image theory (such as semiotics, phenomenology, iconology, and epistemology). The second main section analyzes various individual media and subsequent image discourses in chronological order (such as sculptures, icons, panoramas, and photography).