The book "Modeling, Analysis, and Visualization of Anisotropy" offers a comprehensive examination of the modeling, processing, and visualization of anisotropy using state-of-the-art mathematical tools. It stands out from traditional textbooks as it is not focused on specific applications but covers a wide range of topics. These include the geometric structure of tensors, statistical methods for processing tensor fields, challenges in mapping neural connections and structural mechanics, handling uncertainties, and visualizing higher-order representations. The book is the sixth in a series that promotes scientific exchange among various communities working with tensors and other higher-order representations of directional data. It provides both original research contributions and insightful overviews, making it a valuable resource for professionals engaged in the field of multidirectional data.