Adolf Hitler, as Brigitte Hamann has demonstrated, is inconceivable without Vienna. It is the experience of the Habsburg metropolis that profoundly shaped the dictator's thinking. Oliver Rathkolb and Johannes Sachslehner now present this milestone in Hitler's biography in a completely revised form, incorporating the latest research findings, providing important additions based on new sources, and painting a picture of great intensity. The young man was filled with admiration when he first arrived in the vast city of Vienna. However, the city's enchantment quickly gave way to disappointment and hatred: Adolf Hitler failed the entrance exam for the Academy, leading to a aimless life on the fringes of society. Nevertheless, the years of suffering in Vienna, as Hitler later proclaimed, laid the granite foundation of his beliefs.