Among the voices that have publicly articulated the discomfort with the violent potential of monotheism, Jan Assmann's work deserves special attention. He has argued that biblical monotheism has introduced a new form of hatred into the world—one that is unleashed by religious claims to truth. This volume documents an interdisciplinary debate that has brought together exegetes, historians, philosophers, and theologians. Jan Assmann himself participated in the symposium and responds to his critics. The book thus also fulfills a recommendation from Pope Francis, who has urged academic theology to engage constructively and critically with Jan Assmann's work. Contributions are included from Arnold Angenendt, Jan Assmann, Britta Mühl, Hans Schelkshorn, Ludger Schwienhorst-Schönberger, Thomas Söding, and others.