Health is a valuable asset, for some even the most valuable. More and more is medically possible today. But is it also justifiable in terms of financing? These questions are indeed discussed in current debates, but appropriate solutions are still far off. How do we address the dangers of a two-tier healthcare system? Can a fair distribution be achieved in the future? What rules need to apply for this? What does justice even mean in this context? Experts from economics, politics, medicine, and nursing, as well as from philosophy and ethics, are tackling these pressing questions and developing appropriate and ethically responsible solutions.