Due to its potential for fundamentally transforming entire fields of technology, nanotechnology is considered a key technology. In the near future, it will not only influence technological development but also bring significant economic, ecological, and social implications. Germany holds a leading position in the field of nanotechnology in terms of research activities and funding. The highly relevant study commissioned by the Bundestag Committee on Education, Research, and Technology Assessment presents a comprehensive examination of the current state and perspectives of nanotechnology. The focus of the study is on the diverse concrete applications and application ideas from various fields.