This specialized book focuses on the oral storytelling of children in preschool age, between 3 and 6 years old. The central focus is on the child - their storytelling, their imagination, their creation of stories, as well as their experience formation and thinking. From various human science perspectives, the fundamental assumption is discussed that narration has a beneficial effect on cognition. The formulation "Narration as a Tool of Cognition" as the title refers to the thematic concentration that narration - in other words, storytelling - has a positive influence on mental and linguistic cognition. An important motivation and function of storytelling lies in the analysis of experiences. Interpretation of experiences, the search for meaning, and world interpretation are central themes of human thinking - also for preschool children. This work analyzes narration as a childlike activity.