The exploration of the neurobiological aspects of addiction disorders serves to enhance the understanding of the causes of these diseases, their specific treatment, and the de-stigmatization of affected individuals. This volume presents the key symptoms of addiction disorders, relates them to their neurobiological foundations, and discusses the similarities and differences among various addiction disorders. It provides a detailed account of disturbances in the so-called dopaminergic reward system and their effects on GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission. Additionally, it discusses disturbances in serotonergic neurotransmission and their significance for affectivity, as well as changes in opioid receptors. Chapters on the genetic foundations of specific addiction disorders and the therapeutic implications of the neurobiological findings complete the book.