With the thirteen books of the 'Elements', we encounter the most successful work of mathematical world literature: In a masterful presentation, Euclid united all the mathematical knowledge of his time and systematized it by organizing it according to axioms, definitions, propositions, and proofs. The work covers the areas of plane geometry, solid geometry, goniometry, and trigonometry. In the course of his discussions, Euclid proved two propositions from the Pythagorean theorem group. In connection with number theory, he demonstrated that the number of prime numbers is infinite. He provided a computational instruction with the 'Euclidean Algorithm'. With this work, Euclid became the founder of Euclidean geometry. Through his introduction of the axiomatic method, geometry became a mathematical discipline. With an introduction by Peter Schreiber.