In 1972, Peter Singer published "Famine, Affluence, and Morality," which quickly became one of the most discussed essays in applied ethics. In this article, Singer presents his view that we have the same moral obligations to those far away as we do to the people close to us. He argues that it is morally equivalent to fail to send life-saving money to starving people on the other side of the world as it would be to neglect drowning children simply because we do not want to get our shoes dirty. If we can help, we must do so – and any excuse is hypocrisy. Singer's extreme stance on giving has become a powerful topic of discussion in modern philosophy and continues to challenge people's attitudes toward extreme poverty. As Bill and Melinda Gates note in their foreword, Singer's essay is as relevant today as ever. This short edition offers a valuable collection of the original work.