The Acts of the Apostles has regained its significance as the most important historical-theological document of the canon in the present time, where not only the inquiry into the actual beginnings of the Church has been revitalized, but also the question of its relevance for the current life of its congregations. New Testament scholarship has recently turned its attention to the interpretation of the Acts of the Apostles with increased commitment. In this context, Rudolf Pesch's commentary sets clear accents: equal attention is given to the tradition critically examined by the author of the Acts as well as to the editorial-critical understanding of the theology of the second volume of the Lukan double work. The interpretation of the texts is advanced as far as possible to the question of the contemporary significance of the canonical testimony; central texts are further illuminated by their historical impact in the following centuries. The commentator, with his characteristic intensity, takes up the question posed by the Acts itself through the mouth of Philip during his encounter with the Ethiopian eunuch, which serves as a guide for his efforts: 'Do you understand what you are reading?' (10:30). The reader is drawn into the endeavor to achieve this understanding.