This religious studies investigation traces the European tradition of astrology from its Oriental beginnings to the present day. As a collective term for various teachings and practices related to the cosmos, astrology is, on one hand, a culturally consistent phenomenon in itself. On the other hand, it seems that with the overcoming of the geocentric worldview by Copernicus and Kepler, it has lost its justification and can only continue to exist as an 'intellectual regression' (Theodor W. Adorno). This view is countered by the thesis established here that astrology has been able to survive the changes in worldviews unscathed because its justification patterns lie beyond purely scientific perspectives. Thus, astrology has also established itself as a modern individualized religiosity in Western societies.