The birth of Jesus through the Virgin Mary illustrates the prevailing mindsets in Palestine at the turn of the era, taking into account the deuteronomistic, wisdom, apocalyptic, and Hellenistic tendencies that emerged in the last pre-Christian centuries. The actions of Jesus are described in harmony with his Judaism, and his crucifixion is explained through the contemporary and later revised view of a Messiah who was expected to attain his rule through violence. The separation of Jesus' followers from Judaism and the subsequent internal Christian conflict laid the groundwork for the anti-Jewish stance of key Church Fathers. They perceived the retention of Jewish customs by Jewish Christians as a threat to the unity of Christianity, which was already dominated by Christians of pagan origin in the second century. This attitude against Judaizing Christians then led to anti-Jewish statements by Christian theologians.