Why do the works of female painters feature the naked body noticeably less often than those of male artists? This question is explored in a depth psychological study, which is introduced by an art historical overview of nude art from antiquity to modernity. The gender-specific socialization of women and its effects on creativity are described using psychoanalytic theories, with particular emphasis on the pre-Oedipal phase. The concept of the gaze, in its various meanings, is examined within the development from infancy to adulthood. Furthermore, gender-specific gaze structures are discussed, especially concerning women's self-perception and external perception. The considerations relate not only to women's painting but also to the mediums of film and performance art.