The question of the legitimacy of legal and power structures, one of the central issues in political theory, gradually changed its significance in modern times. The emergence of modern mass democracies did not diminish the relevance of this question; rather, it intensified it, as transcendental solutions became increasingly unworkable and more fragile immanence models had to be relied upon. The legitimacy problem can no longer be resolved through the attribution of religious or dynastic sovereignty; nor can the alternative be to silently accept the gap of legitimacy in modern democracies as a weakness to be left unmentioned or to reduce it to the aspect of the eternal guarantee of certain constitutional articles. Nevertheless, there is a way to respond appropriately to the problem: this can be described through Hannah Arendt's theorization of the aspects of legitimacy and founding.