Einstein's special theory of relativity is undoubtedly the most well-marketed scientific theory. However, it would be incorrect to conclude that it is fully understood in its essence and grasped in its far-reaching significance by the scientific community. This book proposes a novel presentation of the special theory of relativity that initially pursues a didactic goal due to its clarity. The key statements of the special theory of relativity can be directly read from the numerous space-time diagrams. Engaging with the mathematical formalism proves to be unnecessary for understanding. A thorough exploration of how space-time diagrams are constructed from physical measurements allows for a subsequent discussion of the assumptions of the special theory of relativity and their role in interpretation. The critical examination of established viewpoints culminates in the formulation of a new, independent interpretation. Only in the appendix is the formalism addressed, where the graphical derivation method from the first part is mathematically traced.