The work addresses the question of whether and under what conditions the civil procedural objection of pending litigation applies in arbitration proceedings. The focus of the investigation is on the internal conflict of arbitration. The author explores the topic through procedural scenarios in which the objection of pending litigation may become relevant. For comparative purposes, there are brief excursions into foreign legal systems, such as US arbitration law. Finally, the author examines the consideration of foreign pending litigation in arbitration proceedings using the example of Germany/USA, with Article V of the New York Convention serving as the legal basis.