In the context of economic globalization, the demand for air transport services has developed dynamically in recent years. It is expected that this trend will continue. This has led to a socially controversial demand for an increase in the supply of air transport services. The question arises as to what economic effects airports have on the overall and regional economy and how these can be measured. A comprehensive economic evaluation approach is discussed, which includes various categories of economic benefits and costs, such as employment effects and noise pollution. An empirical section examines the economic impacts on the region for Munich Airport.