The process-oriented observation of students has always been a central task for every teacher. It focuses on personality traits and behaviors across the entire spectrum of school-relevant areas and is closely intertwined with actual teaching. This makes it particularly challenging for teachers to make reliable observations. Against the backdrop of necessary theoretical foundations presented in a practical context, a comprehensive list of criteria catalogs is provided. The development and empirical validation of an observation sheet for capturing learning, work, and social behavior, as well as initial experiences with this tool, are the main focus.