During the Weimar Republic, a significant process of differentiation took place in the field of school health care. This book illustrates, using the example of the Prussian province of Pomerania, the innovations that emerged in the hygiene of school buildings, the teaching operations, as well as the hygienic and social hygiene care of students, primarily under the responsibility of teachers and (school) doctors. In this context, aspects of school development, particularly in rural education, are appropriately considered alongside reflections on the situation of elementary school teachers against the backdrop of the impacts of World War I, the economic situation, and political conflicts.