The verses Romans 1:26-27 are among the most contested in the entire field of Pauline research. On one hand, they are considered the New Testament evidence for classifying homosexuality as a sin. On the other hand, there are tendencies to downplay the relevance of these verses in evaluating the phenomenon of same-sex relationships. Both perspectives appear to be strongly influenced by personal interests. Therefore, an unbiased analysis of Paul's statement about "contrary to nature" seems urgently needed. This study aims to contribute to this discussion. It examines Romans 1:26-27 from two perspectives: firstly, in the cultural-historical and social-historical context, and secondly, within the argumentative structure of the Letter to the Romans as a whole.