Thoroughly updated and largely rewritten, the well-known and widely used philosophical dictionary now appears in the long-awaited 23rd edition. With around 2,200 entries on terms and philosophers, it answers countless questions in the field of philosophy and its related areas, providing orientation on fundamental concepts, philosophical movements, and the thinkers behind them, while also introducing the history of the discipline across different countries and eras. The emphasis in this new edition is on the further development of contemporary philosophy. Current, carefully selected literature references guide readers toward deeper exploration. It is a reliable tool for all those professionally engaged with the discipline and an indispensable companion for all philosophy enthusiasts.