Recognizing and treating acute mental health emergencies, providing individualized medication therapy, and managing long-term consequences are part of the daily routine in a general practice. For the first time, the most common mental disorders are consistently presented by general practitioners and psychiatrists together. Experts place great importance on concrete recommendations with high practical relevance from an interdisciplinary perspective. Key symptoms and their differential diagnosis: depressive episode or persistent affective disorder? Psychotherapy: What happens after the diagnosis? Functional and somatoform bodily complaints (according to current guidelines). Special considerations in specific life situations: old age, pregnancy (postpartum); what should be taken into account with specific psychopharmacotherapy? Preventive psychiatry: early detection of affective disorders and suicide.