The book "Progress in Population Genetics and Human Evolution" offers a comprehensive collection and analysis of data on population genetics. It addresses key topics such as human evolutionary history, modern molecular techniques for data collection, and statistical and computational methods for data interpretation. Additionally, stochastic models for genealogy and population structure are presented. The chapters of the book reflect the close collaboration between experimental molecular biologists and theoretical scientists. This work is aimed at professionals in the field of population genetics as well as mathematicians, statisticians, computer scientists, and biologists who wish to gain an overview of current challenges in this research area.