The inclusion of Paragraph 8a regarding the duty to protect in cases of child welfare endangerment in the German Social Code VIII sparked a heated societal discussion. The changes caused anxiety and uncertainty among staff in youth welfare institutions. This is because the duty of the youth welfare office—its obligation to guarantee and intervene—brings about changes to previous working methods and settings in educational fields. This issue has not received sufficient attention in the psychoanalytical-pedagogical literature so far. Therefore, this volume addresses the question of what child welfare and child welfare endangerment mean from a psychoanalytical-pedagogical perspective. It also highlights a discrepancy between this viewpoint and legal definitions. Contributions by Bernd Ahrbeck, Judit Barth-Richtarz, Margit Brückner.