The staffing situation in the sectors of health and nursing care - including nursing, elderly care, and pediatric nursing - is the subject of various discussions. This book reflects the escalating challenges in nursing and provides insight into the current state of international foundations and concepts for determining nursing staff levels, particularly in hospitals, based on systematic literature analyses. Possible solutions and recommendations for action are presented and discussed to ensure an adequate nursing staff allocation that is oriented towards the needs and requirements of those receiving care. The aim is to achieve a nursing practice based on scientific findings for the benefit and safety of care recipients in the long term. Additionally, the value-creating factor of nursing should be taken into account.