A hospital team of nurses, doctors, and therapists is dedicated to providing the best possible care for severely ill patients who no longer respond to curative treatment due to progressive, advanced diseases. The goal of palliative medicine is to maintain quality of life through optimal pain management and symptom control. Hospices allow for a dignified dying process. In both institutions, supportive and comforting approaches, often involving music and music therapy, are possible. This volume presents current research approaches and provides an overview of music therapeutic support in both areas. We approach the topics of dying and mourning through contributions on inner and outer attitudes, mindfulness, and the supportive use of music, as well as the healing atmosphere that arises from listening and empathizing.