Climate change, increasing CO2 emissions, and the finiteness of fossil resources pose significant challenges for us and future generations. A shift in human thinking, combined with new technologies and methods of energy production, can help us address these impending challenges and preserve the Earth for future generations. A promising approach to solving these challenges is energy production from microalgae. This book provides insight into current processes and the state of microalgae technology, focusing on sustainable energy and fuel supply. In this context, it discusses both the microalgae organism and the cultivation and harvesting methods, as well as various combinations of technical processes. The emphasis is on the end products that can be derived from microalgae.