Russia between East and West? The construction of an uncivilized Russia by the West provokes Russian national counter-concepts. G. Lehmann-Carli discusses Russian cultural translations of Western concepts and the debate surrounding Peter I (Moscow Freemasons in the context of the Enlightenment, the perspective of N. Karamzin, and the scandal involving P. Chaadaev). U. Klitsche-Sowitzki explains the ideas of classical Eurasianists and L. Gumilev, as well as the phenomenon of neo-Eurasianism; she analyzes the image of the cultural space Eurasia as an artistic motif. Y. Drosihn turns to Russia as the East, which often functions in Western consciousness as a contrast or in the role of the constituting other, reflecting a long tradition of specific attributions in the form of literary images. Postmodernism deconstructs traditional images of Russia while simultaneously producing new stereotypes.