In the 1920s, Ernst Toller was the most famous living playwright in the German language. His stage debut "Die Wandlung" (1919) is considered one of the key works of dramatic expressionism. In his famous, still captivating autobiography "Eine Jugend in Deutschland" (1933), Toller exemplarily depicts his transformation "from patriot to pacifist," shaped by his experiences during World War I. Through this "transformation" and the fervor with which he engaged against the war, Ernst Toller became a central symbolic figure of the 20th century. This commitment also includes his work for the Munich Soviet Republic in 1918/19, which earned him five years of fortress imprisonment and made him a martyr of the revolution. This significantly expanded and revised critical edition of his works also includes numerous reissued or newly edited texts.