In 1927, Siegfried Leffler and Julius Leutheuser - two young pastors from Bavaria - came to Thuringia to the parishes of Niederwiera and Flemmingen. Within a few years, they succeeded in inspiring the teachers, youth, and farmers in their villages for National Socialism and for the movement they initiated called "German Christians." In the parishes, a new "contemporary German worship service" replaced the traditional church service. Pastor Leffler was appointed in 1939 as the head of the so-called "Institute for the De-Judaization" in the Luther city of Eisenach, which had the task of eradicating everything Jewish from theology, church music, and community life. After the end of the war, it was only partially possible to come to terms with one's own - both personal and ecclesiastical - entanglement and guilt during the National Socialist period.