You shouldn't have done that! Not only children are familiar with this often reproachful remark. However, from a philosophical perspective, the question arises: Could I have actually refrained from this action, which is clearly deemed problematic? Could I have made a different choice than the one I made? Or, as strict determinists claim, is each of my decisions a necessary and therefore unchangeable result of the preceding circumstances? Is free will merely an illusion? But how can concepts like responsibility and guilt, as well as pride or regret, be justified then? Philosophers have been grappling with these questions for a long time. Recently, another penetrating voice in the debate over free will has emerged from the field of neuroscience.