The focus of a research program initiated and systematically advanced by Werner Helsper in the 1990s is to reconstruct forms of school and their transformations and to condense them into a theory of school culture. This volume controversially discusses the fundamental assumptions and further developments of this theoretical approach from various perspectives. It includes both evaluative contributions and further studies, as well as critical discussions. In this discourse, school culture is outlined as a key concept and subject of empirical research in schools, education, and professions. The potentials and limitations of a theory formation related to schools are also highlighted.