Sensor technology, the science of measuring the state and changes of technical systems, plays a central role in these systems, such as embedded systems or automation systems. Therefore, fundamental knowledge of sensor technology is essential for engineers of all disciplines. Building on the general principles of sensors, the basic physical effects utilized in sensor technology are addressed. Subsequently, the application of these effects to the sensing of technical and physical quantities is conveyed through various sensor designs. These sensor designs are further illustrated and deepened by numerous concrete practical examples of real sensors and their datasheets. The connection of sensors to information processing systems, such as microcontrollers, is achieved through sensor interfaces.