The book "Socio-Economic Considerations in Biotechnology Regulation" provides a comprehensive analysis of the social and economic aspects that should be considered in the regulation of living modified organisms (LMOs) under the Cartagena Protocol. It highlights the rights of recipient countries to decide on the import and production of LMOs and the necessity of informed risk assessment. A central theme of the book is the optional inclusion of socio-economic considerations (SECs) in the assessment process, as outlined in Article 26.1 of the Protocol. The authors, including experts like José Falck-Zepeda and Stuart J. Smyth, discuss the various factors that can influence SEC assessments and offer a critical examination of the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches. The book is aimed at both scientists and policymakers and promotes a significant dialogue about the challenges and opportunities arising from the integration of SECs into the regulation of LMOs.