The book, now in its third edition, describes the physical principles of machining based on the latest research findings. It connects important areas of possible applications, such as high-speed machining, high-performance machining, dry machining, and hard machining (hard turning and milling). The possibilities of modeling and simulating machining processes are explained concisely. The work conveys the requirements that must be met by modern machine tools and tools, as well as by innovative planning of machining processes. Additionally, important phenomena of the boundary zone physics of finely machined components are explained.