The book is primarily aimed at mathematics teachers of all school types, as well as teacher training students and trainees. Written in a practical and easily readable manner, this work provides insights into stochastic concepts for mathematics instruction, closely linking topics from statistics and probability theory from the outset. The basic structure of the book is oriented around the interplay between general theoretical considerations and specific practical teaching suggestions. With a focus on concrete implementation within a certain timeframe, the teaching proposals are organized according to the double grade levels 5/6, 7/8, and 9/10.