The aim of this book is to stimulate reflection (ideally a discussion) on a fundamental methodological problem in the science of logistics (occasionally even to provoke it) - a problem that no one talks about, despite its fundamental importance for the advancement of this discipline. This discipline lacks critical reflection on the prerequisites for success and the limitations of its own research, and this applies in principle to all three research approaches examined here. Accordingly, such reflection can also open up significant opportunities for both science and practice.