The pediatric electroencephalogram differs significantly from that of adults in several key aspects. In each age group, specific EEG patterns, normal variants, and pathological changes can be found in parallel with brain development, and understanding these is essential for assessment. There are numerous age-dependent forms of epilepsy and other conditions that are unknown in adulthood. Assessing the EEG of newborns and infants presents a particular challenge. This guide clarifies what needs to be considered when recording EEGs in infants and toddlers and assists in correctly interpreting EEG waves and distinguishing pathological patterns from normal ones. The book is an unaltered reprint of the corresponding chapter from the work "Clinical Electroencephalography" by Stephan Zschocke and Hans-Christian Hansen.