The textbook "Eukaryotic Membranes and Cytoskeleton: Origins and Evolution" offers a comprehensive analysis of the evolutionary origins and diversification of eukaryotic endomembranes and the cytoskeleton. It explores these topics from a cell biological and comparative genomic perspective. The authors present original research data from comparative genomic surveys in many chapters. By examining the genes that play a central role in the dynamics of endomembranes and the cytoskeleton, a deeper understanding of the phylogenetic relationships within eukaryotes is achieved. These insights are crucial for reconstructing the cellular mechanisms of the last common ancestor of eukaryotes, which is fundamental for understanding eukaryotic diversification.