Comments on the fee schedules are interpretations and explanations of the often vaguely defined legends associated with the individual numbers of these fee schedules. The scope for such interpretations is limited by the requirement that they must align with the discernible intent of the legislator; however, this does not preclude the possibility of well-founded deviations from the views of other commentators, particularly from a specialized perspective and with specific detailed knowledge. This is especially true for the chapter on "Surgery/Orthopedics," but also applies to various consultation and discussion services. Since this commentary serves not only as a billing aid but also aims to assist in cases of unjustified recourse and reductions, the authors have endeavored to provide an objectively comprehensible presentation of their arguments that can withstand scrutiny if necessary.