Consideration of the latest changes in the capital markets. This textbook and reference work on financial and investment management and financial controlling is scientifically sound yet practical. It includes practical examples, case studies, illustrations, and overviews for better understanding. The completely revised and expanded edition is significantly updated, taking into account the proven closed, application-oriented overall concept. The 4th edition of Financial Management presents itself as a comprehensive resource. This textbook and practice book for investment, financing, and financial controlling explains equity, loan, and internal financing, and discusses various alternative forms of financing such as factoring, leasing, mezzanine financing, private equity, and project financing. The chapter on financial controlling addresses financial planning.