This book presents the content of our two-semester lecture on nuclear chemistry and radiochemistry at the local technical university. The corresponding course was originally intended for students from the departments of chemistry, electrical engineering, and mechanics, as well as medical students from the local university, but in recent years it has mainly focused on chemists and technical physicists. The lack of comprehensive representations of this extensive field in a single publication initially led to a manuscript in Swedish, followed by a translation into German. Since the completion of the original manuscript, the shortage of German-language literature in our field has decreased; among other things, books on the fundamental principles of nuclear chemistry and on the analysis of the ion exchange process, which is frequently used in radiochemical separations, have since been published.