Where am I? Where should I go? How do I get there? Mobile robots in everyday environments such as offices or on streets must constantly answer such questions if they are to operate autonomously, that is, without remote control. The calculations in the robot control program are largely based on sensor data from the environment, which is often incomplete or faulty. From a computer science perspective, this textbook focuses on algorithms and representations for the control of mobile robots. Building on detailed chapters about sensors and sensor data processing, it covers all central non-mechanical aspects of movement - localization in maps, mapping, navigation, and interpretation of environmental data. The book has emerged from teaching courses and is suitable not only for bachelor's programs at all types of universities but also for self-study.