Tobias M. Hoffmann examines how social engagement and economic action can be realized in social enterprises through appropriate leadership and incentive mechanisms. Based on a thorough analysis of social entrepreneurship and work motivation, the author develops concrete design approaches focused on autonomous motivation through case studies of leading social enterprises. The significance, as well as the limitations, of the professionalization of incentive systems are highlighted. A comprehensive discussion allows for the contextualization of the results within the nonprofit and private sector research context.