The book "Neuroacanthocytosis Syndromes" offers a comprehensive and detailed analysis of a previously underexplored research field. It addresses the neuroacanthocytosis syndromes, which affect both the brain and circulating red blood cells. These multisystem disorders have often been confused with Huntington's disease in the past. Thanks to new scientific insights, the molecular basis of several of these syndromes has been identified. The work emerged from the first international scientific conference dedicated solely to neuroacanthocytosis and provides a deep insight into the current state of research. The thirty chapters are authored by leading experts and cover both clinical and fundamental scientific perspectives, including molecular genetics, experimental pharmacology, and cell membrane biology. The book examines the relationship between the deformation of red blood cells and the degeneration of nerve cells in the brain, particularly in the basal ganglia, and offers valuable data for solving this complex problem.